The World Atlas of Architecture
London 1984
Stron 408, DUŻY format: 27 x 37 cm
Setki ilustracji, dziesiątki planów budynków i mapek
Książka jest używana: lekko pogięta obwoluta, bez innych defektów. Stan dobry plus.
There is no more enduring and accessible record of civilisation than the great treasures of world architecture, yet few people really know how to look at buildings and enjoy them to the full. Most of us give churches and monuments around us no more than a passing glance. Our emotions may be stirred by the wonders of Chartres or the Parthenon, but only informed, critical appraisal can reveal the subtle and complex beauties of creations such as the dome of St Paul's Cathedral in London or that of Les Invalides in Paris.
The glories of European architecture, making up the heart of the revised and beautifully expanded World Atlas of Architecture, are revealed more richly than ever before, with imaginative cut-away reconstructions and perspective drawings complementing stunning photographs. Illustrations and text extend the story to every area of the world - from the magnificent royal sepulchres and Buddhist temples of ancient Korea to the simpler but nonetheless seminal building forms of Africa and the Pacific islands. A foreword by John Hulius Norwich, general editor of the original book, presents a personal view of the value and relevance of our architectural heritage.
Detailed maps throughout the book show major archaeological sites, important buildings, and the extent of the great empires. Time charts outline key events in the history of different civilizations and pinpoint the creation of their finest monuments. The text, prepared by eminent architectural historians, explores not only the social and cultural forces that led to the creation of various styles, but also the technical and practical considerations that shaped their development Above all, the aim is to enhance the reader's aesthetic appreciation of the great buildings of the world.
Contents
NON-EUROPEAN OYJXLZATIONS
China
Introduction
The origins of Chinese architecture
Urban architecture
Monumental architecture
Houses, parks and gardens
Korea
Introduction
Palaces and temples Houses and gardens
Japan
Introduction
The Shinto shrine, an expression of national tradition
The Buddhist temple and technical progress
The castle, an exception to the rules of architecture
Houses and pavilions, precursors of contemporary architecture
India
Introduction
The tomb of earthly desires
The abode of the gods
The house and palaces of the faithful
South-East Asia
Introduction
The mountain of the gods Labyrinths of meditation
Black Africa
Introduction
Materials and building methods
The stone walls of Zimbabwe
The symbolism of the granary
Pre-Hispanic America
Introduction
Domestic settlements and public architecture in Mesoamerica
Peruvian temples, cities and fortresses
Pacific Ocean
Introduction Easter Island
The "marae" of central Polynesia
THE ANCIENT WORLD
The Near East
Introduction
Sumerians, Elamites and Hittites Assyrians and neo-Babylonians Persians and Sassanians
Egypt
Introduction
The pyramids and tombs of Memphis Town planning and domestic architecture The temples of the New Kingdom
The Greek world
Introduction
Pre- and protohistoric dwellings
Minoan palaces and Mycenaean fortresses
The rebirth of Greek architecture
The Doric Order
The Ionic Order
The great sanctuaries
Military architecture
Public buildings and private houses
Greek architecture during the imperial period
Rome
Introduction
Primitive Rome and Etruscan architecture
Roman architecture in the republican period
The forum, heart of the Roman town
Temples of the imperial age
Buildings for leisure and spectacle
Palaces, villas and houses
The Greco-Roman legacy: the town
Architecture for transport: roads, bridges, aqueducts
LATE ANTIQUITY AND THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
Introduction
Palaeo-Christian architecture
The creation of the basilica: Rome Conservative architecture: Ravenna
Byzantium
A work of light: Santa Sophia, Constantinople Greece and the Balkans: the impact of liturgy Monuments of stone: Armenia
Carolingian architecture
Religious architecture Palaces
An ideal plan for a monastery
THE MIDDLE AGES
Romanesque architecture
Introduction 192
The first Romanesque age 196
France: the vaulted church 198
Norman church-building in England 200
Early appearance of the rib vault: Durham 202
Architectural diversity in Italy 204
Local traditions and French influences in Spain 206
Romanesque architecture in Germany: continuing traditions 208
Gothic architecture
Introduction 210
Early Gothic in France 214
Chartres and Bourges 216
Three 13th century French cathedrals 218
The originality of English Gothic 220
Spanish Gothic 222
The Holy Roman Empire : new directions 224
Decorated and Perpendicular in England 226
A new architectural vision in Italy 228
The technical perfection of late Gothic 230
Military architecture
Introduction 232
Passive defence: rectangular stone keeps 236
Active defence: round towers 238
A new civic spirit: bridges 240
Islam
Introduction 242
The two sources of Islamic architecture 250
Break-up of the empire and architectural regionalism 252
Sunnite reaction and the renewal of form 254
Combined traditions in Turcoman Anatolia 256
The hispano-Maghrebi provinces and new formulas 258
Iranian architecture 260
Ottoman Turkey 262
THE AGE OF CLASSICISM
The Renaissance
Introduction 264
The Florentine Renaissance 270
A new type of palace 272
Humanist architecture 274'
The new St. Peter's in the new Rome 276
The classical heritage and Mannerism in Italy 278
the villas 280
Churches of the Counter-Reformation 282
The early Renaissance in France 284
The classical Renaissance in France 286
Polychromy and Mannerism in northern Europe 288
Spain and Portugal 290
Germany and England 292
The 17th century
Introduction 294
The new classicism in England and the Netherlands 300
The Baroque in Rome 302
France : the spirit of classicism 304
Italian variations 306
Versailles: a classic residence 308
England: Wren and his contemporaries 310
Bastioned fortifications -■ 312
The Age of Enlightenment
Introduction 314
The Rococo and its interpretation in France, Italy and Russia 318
The Austrian Baroque 320
Baroque and Rococo in Germany 322
The Iberian peninsula 324
Colonial architecture 326
The great phase of the Baroque in England 328
The Palladian revival and Neoclassicism in England 330
Neoclassicism in France at the end of the 18th century 332
International Neoclassicism
THE MODERN ERA
The 19th century
Introduction 336
Technical progress in Great Britain 340
The Paris Exhibition, 1889 342
The emergence of new techniques 344
Historicism: tradition and antiquity 346
Neo-Gothic architecture 348
The Paris Opera 350
Eclecticism and stylistic uncertainty 352
The turn of the century
Introduction 354
The house 356
Art Nouveau in Europe 358
Critical rationalism 360
The search for pure form 362
The birth of modernism 364
The 20th century
Introduction 366
From expressionism to Art Deco 370
The elaboration of a language 372
The triumph of modernism 374
Challenges to the "International Style" 376
From Wright to Aalto: organic architecture 378
Brutalist Europe 3 80
The voice of America 382
The third generation 384
The triumphant Sixties 386
New directions in the modern movement 388
Modernism in question 3 90
Bibliography 392
Index/glossary 394
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