We are accustomed to thinking of science and its
findings as universal. After all, one atom of carbon
plus two of oxygen yields carbon dioxide in Amazonia as
well as in Alaska; a scientist in Bombay can use the
same materials and techniques to challenge the work of a
scientist in New York; and of course the laws of gravity
apply worldwide. Why, then, should the spaces where
science is done matter at all? David N. Livingstone here
puts that question to the test with his fascinating
study of how science bears the marks of its place of
production. Putting Science in Its Place establishes the
fundamental importance of geography in both the
generation and the consumption of scientific knowledge,
using historical examples of the many places where
science has been practiced. Livingstone first turns his
attention to some of the specific sites where science
has been made--the laboratory, museum, and botanical
garden, to name some of the more conventional locales,
but also places like the coffeehouse and cathedral,
ship's deck and asylum, even the human body itself. In
each case, he reveals just how the space of inquiry has
conditioned the investigations carried out there. He
then describes how, on a regional scale, provincial
cultures have shaped scientific endeavor and how, in
turn, scientific practices have been instrumental in
forming local identities. Widening his inquiry,
Livingstone points gently to the fundamental instability
of scientific meaning, based on case studies of how
scientific theories have been received in different
locales. Putting Science in Its Place powerfully
concludes by examining the remarkable mobility of
science and the seemingly effortless way it moves around
the globe.From the reception of Darwin in the land of
the Maori to the giraffe that walked from Marseilles to
Paris, Livingstone shows that place does matter, even in
the world of science. |
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