Martha C. Sims, Martine Stephens

Living Folklore

An Introduction to the Study of People and Their Traditions

Utah State University Press  2005

Stron 310

Tekst: angielski

Książka jest bez śladów używania.

Contents

Acknowledgments                                                                 ix 

Preface                                                                                        xi 

i folklore                                                                                           l

Whatis folklore?                                                                       l

A working definition                                                          l

Scholarly definitions of folklore                                    8

Genres of folklore                                                                 12

Defining folklore beyondgenre labels: texts and contexts           19

A briefhistory of folklore study                                         21

2 groups                                                                                        30

What is a folk group?                                                          31

Definitions                                                                              34

Howfolk groupsform                                                          38

Self-identification and group membership                   41

Family, school and occupational groups                       44

Family                                                                               45

School groups                                                                 47

Occupational groups                                                    50

Example: folklore in the music störe                         53

Groups and belief                                                                56

Example: belief and contemporary legends          60

3 tradition                                                                                     64

What is tradition?                                                                64

Tradition is both lore and process                             65

Tradition helps to create and confirm a sense of identity            66

Identified äs a tradition by the Community            68

How do people learn and share traditions?                68

Example: tradition in our daily lives                          72

Do traditions disappear?                                                   74

Dynamic and conservative elements of tradition      76

Inventing tradition                                                              82

The question of authenticity                                             84

Example: traditions infolk art                                           87

4 ritual                                                                                          94

What is ritual?                                                                      95

Low-context and high-context rituals                       98

Invented ritual                                                                 99

The question of belief in sacred and secular rituals 102

Liminality and ritual space                                              105

Types of rituals                                                                   110

Rites of passage                                                            111

Corning of age rituals                                                  114

Initiation rituals                                                            119

Naming rituals                                                               120

Example: rituals and private and public identity       121

5 performance                                                                            127

What isperformance?                                                       128

Example: a proverbial performance                        129

The study of performance                                               133

Performance texts                                                             134

Texture                                                                                    136

Context                                                                                  137

Physical context                                                            138

Social context                                                                 139

Recognizing texts in context: performance marker s/ framing  141

Reflexivity                                                                      144

Emergence                                                                          146

Folklore that pushes the boundaries                     150

Example: performance that transcends roles and rules   152

Aesthetics                                                                            155

Critic v. group consensus                                          157

Traditionality                                                                157

Skill                                                                                   159

Practicality                                                                     161

The nature of aesthetic response                            162

Personal narrative in performance                        167

Example: A Personal Narrative Emerges               170

6 approaches to interpreting folklore                                  174

Functionalism                                                                      174

Structuralism                                                                       179

Psychoanalytic Interpretation                                        187

Post-structuralist approaches                                        192

Feminist interpretations                                             193

Reciprocal ethnography                                             195

Intersectionality                                                            198