The Nietzschean revolution governed the twentieth
century, preaching the revaluation of all values, the
privileging of interpretations over facts, the dominance
of art. The 'crisis of consciousness' is our normality.
Nihilism is both good and bad, in Nietzsche's view and
my own. It opposes all the conventional thinking and
moralistic repressions of periods before the telescreen
age. But not so many people can believe in nothing, and
Nietzsche wasn't one of them. What have we been
believing in when we thought we weren't believing in
anything? The book asserts that while Nietzsche's
insights were necessary, in 2012 we have to revalue his
value. Novels do this probably more effectively than the
screen to which, since Orwell's 1984 from the time of
the fictive Big Brother to the almost as fictive TV
program we have become vulnerable. They show what goes
on behind the scenes as the individual evaluates
contemporary life: his/her crisis or repudiation- of
value, meaning and desirability. The book observes the
social and artistic waves still emanating in our century
from the philosophical Big Bang of Descartes institution
of doubt at the heart of mankind's existence - with
special attention to Nietzsche, the Russians, Plato,
existentialism, Dada, Mickey Mouse, popular
fundamentalisms, End-Timers, surveillance (Orwell's and
ours) and particularly neo-liberalism. The following
chapters each investigate a civilisation - Britain, the
USA, France and Australia - examining six novels
closely, each within their social context, from 1948
(Orwell's 1984) to century's end. How do individuals
handle the proliferating doubt which has split
consciousness, in the screen age, into an unstable
oscillation between theory and impulse? We see the
impulse on the telescreen: another theory may lie behind
it. We don't really think much. The idea of falsehood,
like sacred, no longer features particularly in the
telecreen age West, nor a concept of disvalue (Susan
Sontag's term, following Nietzsche). Art is both
worshiped and banalised. The Ancient Chinese Warriors T
shirt, the Botticelli Primavera mouse mat, the Fra
Angelico Annunciation mug and address book - the
category postmodern permits all. But is this phenomenon
simply nihilist? Art is brought closer to us, but power
and its meaning are being called into question.
Nietzsche was right to unmask the pieties of the late
19th century as decadent conventions. But in the dawning
knowledge that nihilism and fundamentalism (of religions
or markets) are two sides of the same coin, and that
like both Big Brothers we are engaged in the abolition
of the natural as well as of the sacred, are we now best
served by an ethic that denies any notion of the good
outside the will to power? For, in Terry Eagleton's
words, Confronted with an implacable political enemy,
and a fundamentalist one at that, the West will no doubt
be forced to reflect more and more on the foundations of
its own civilisation. The book is lively, and keen to go
past the straitjackets of belief for that is what
theories are that the 20th century was so attached to.
We have been treating values as options. But what values
might be necessary to this new century? The book
concludes with a portrait of the telescreen age's real
Superman.
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